Current leadership styles: how does this relate to today’s changing world?
Leadership is considered one of the most discussed topics by researchers who change over time because the concept of leadership is less clear (Kuchler 2008). Therefore, it is important to understand the various definitions of leadership through academic theories. The success and failure of an organization depends on ability as a type of leader (Lok and Crawford 2004).
Yukl (2006) defines leadership as “the process of influencing others to understand and agree on what needs to be done and how it needs to be done. Jong and Hartong (2007) describe it as the process of forming employees according to the desired outcome. Based on these definitions, it can be understood that a leader influences people to achieve shared goals and set goals.
Traditional leadership styles and critics.
There are critics of traditional leadership theories that have nothing to do with the modern social economy. Declaration; “The leadership models of the last century have been the products of top-down bureaucratic paradigms.” which is not suitable for technological and diverse economic incomes. available today (Uhl-Bien et al. 2007: 298). In 2016, Mullins and Christy also supported the idea that modern organizations have a more flexible approach to leadership through an ever-changing environment. Yet do these theories seem old and completely irrelevant? These theories need to be understood in order to assess their relevance to the modern age of technology and to apply them in comparison with current theories leading to further development in the future.
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According to Lewin of 1939, there are three traditional types of leadership styles, namely autocratic or authoritarian leadership; where authority is dictated and business objectives are based solely on the decision of the CEO. democratic leadership; good leadership style that includes managers and employees with an impact on the company’s decisions and vision. Laissez-faire management; a style in which leaders leave employees or followers to do the right thing or take responsibility for their actions and business goals (Mullins 2016).
It can be seen that an autocratic leadership style leads to stress and discouragement among employees, while people work better in a more accommodating and attractive environment. This leadership style lost enthusiasm for the democratic and laissez-faire leadership styles. Ricardo Semler’s leadership after he became an autocratic leader (York 2005).
Male vs. female leadership style
According to Hofstede’s cultural dimension in 1994, countries like India, Nigeria and Tanzania has a male leadership style. Who is focused on earning rewards, unlike Japan, which has a female leadership style that supports group collaboration and shared goals.
What do you think about female leadership style will result in higher organizational performance than male leadership style?
Do today’s leadership styles address leadership challenges in a changing world?
With globalization, technological innovation, and emerging markets, leadership cannot be overemphasized. Leading and managing people in organizations is completely chaotic. Therefore, access to current leadership styles is necessary. These styles are charismatic, transactional and transformational leadership.
Charismatic leaders such as former President Barack Obama are known for inspiring people. Through personality, character and charism for the good of the community (Spahr 2016).
Former President Barack Obama as a charismatic leader
Transaction leaders like Steve Jobs of Apple are a leader who uses his power through employee rewards to complete his job (Harvey 2013). This style of leadership may be known as autocratic leadership. Employees are forced to accept rewards for success instead of being motivated to work hard. However, despite the use of this leadership style, Apple is still successful, but with an inefficient Digital Coupon Management System, productivity can be low (Yarrow 2013).
Steve Jobs at Apple as Transaction Manager
Several researchers have highlighted transformational leadership as the most relevant and valuable style in today’s business world. It is about inspiring, motivating and motivating people to consider diversity, belief and collaboration. ). “Google” practices this style of leadership because it values efficient and flexible work to reduce stress and ensure satisfaction. Which leads to employee loyalty and good performance (Thomson 2018).
Google executives practice a transformational leadership style
Peter Drucker states that in an ever-changing world, traditional leadership styles survived at the time because our assumptions about business and technology. In the old days were certainly not the same as they are today (Drucker 1998: 162).
